Death of Harun al-Rashid at Tus

وفاة هارون الرشيد بطوس

c. March 809 CE · 3 Jumada II 193 AH

Tus

Al-Rashid died on campaign at Tus in Khurasan and was buried there on 3 Jumada II 193, aged forty-five; his son Salih prayed over him. Some say he had dreamt he would die at Tus — he wept, ordered a grave dug, was borne to it in a camel-litter, looked at it saying 'son of Adam, to this you come', and had men go down and complete a recitation of the Qur'an within while he lay in his litter at its edge. Others say Jibril ibn Bakhtishu' erred in his treatment and caused his death. Per al-Suli he left a hundred million dinars, and furnishings, jewels, silver-work and mounts worth a hundred and twenty-five million more 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Early Abbasid Caliphate
Region
Persia & Central Asia
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In time

800810820 c.
The Early Abbasid Caliphate

In space

Tus

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Overview

Harun al-Rashid died on campaign at Tus in Khurasan, and was buried there on the third of Jumada al-Akhira 193 AH, aged forty-five. His son Salih led the funeral prayer over him. 1

The accounts

al-Suyuti relates that al-Rashid saw in a dream that he would die at Tus, so he ordered his grave to be dug. Then he was carried in a litter on a camel until he saw the grave, and said: "Son of Adam, you will come to this," and he ordered people to finish the Qur'an while he was in a litter at the edge of the grave. 1

He relates another account that Jibra'il ibn Bakhtishu' made a mistake in treating him, and this was the cause of his death. 1

His estate

al-Suyuti, quoting al-Suli, says that al-Rashid left a hundred million dinars, and in furniture, jewels and beasts a value equal to that and twenty-five thousand dinars. 1

The Gregorian date is derived from the Hijri date.

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Had participant
Harun al-Rashid
Occurred at
Tus

People and things also explored

Bayt al-Hikma — the House of Wisdom· Death of al-Ghazali at Tus· The Aman of Samalu and its People's Transfer to Baghdad· Umar's Expulsion of the Christians of Najran· The Building of Madinat al-Hadath· The Building of al-Rafiqa· The Garrisoning of Sur man Ra'a (Samarra)· The Building of Sisar

Sources

  1. Tarikh al-Khulafa — al-Suyuti (Dar al-Minhaj edition) , p. 471
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Death of Harun al-Rashid at Tus”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/death-of-harun-al-rashid/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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Related

Bayt al-Hikma — the House of Wisdom

The House of Wisdom at Baghdad, the greatest library whose report survives from the first Abbasid age: al-Rashid laid its nucleus and al-Ma'mun enlarged and strengthened it. Al-Rashid put Yuhanna ibn Masawayh over the translation of the ancient medical books found in Byzantine lands with skilled scribes writing before him; Abu Sahl al-Fadl ibn Nawbakht rendered Persian wisdom-books into Arabic in its khizana, and Allan al-Shu'ubi copied for al-Rashid, al-Ma'mun and the Barmakids. Al-Ma'mun widened it, sending to the Byzantine emperor for the ancient sciences an embassy of al-Hajjaj ibn Matar, Ibn al-Bitriq and Salm the master of the House, and making Sahl ibn Harun keeper of its treasuries — though its precise organisation and site remain wrapped in obscurity.