The Maʾrib Dam

سد مأرب

Maʾrib

The great dam of the Sabaean kingdom whose construction began in the Mukarrib era; its repeated breaches, and final burst around 450 CE, are the Sayl al-Arim of Surat Saba in the sira’s account.

Depth

At a glance

Era
Pre-Islamic Arabia
Region
Arabia
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Engineering and technology

Summary

The Marib Dam is the dam whose construction began in the time of the Mukarribs of Saba, with their capital at Sirwah, in the centuries before 650 BCE. It holds a great place in the history of Yemen 1 2 3.

The collapse

After Yemen gained its independence from the first Abyssinian occupation, breaches began to appear in the Marib Dam. Then came the great flood, which the Qur'an refers to as the flood of al-Aram, in 450 or 451 CE. It was a major event that led to the ruin of settlements and the scattering of peoples 2. See the flood of al-Aram and Saba 16.

Notes for researchers

The dates are the author's estimates, and he notes that the sources differ in fixing the years 4.

For young visitors

The Marib Dam was a great water barrier in ancient Yemen. One day it broke, and a great torrent flowed out that scattered many tribes.

Connections

Explore the connections

Site of
The Flood of al-Arim (the Bursting of Maʾrib Dam)
Located in
Maʾrib

People and things also explored

The Flood of al-Arim (the Bursting of Maʾrib Dam)· Maʾrib· The flood of the 'Arim· Pre-Islamic Arabia· Islamic lustreware· Joining the Red Sea to the Mediterranean· Blacas ewer· The Elephant Clock

Sources

  1. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.23
  2. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.24
  3. Tafhim al-Quran — Abu al-A'la al-Mawdudi , 4/195-198
  4. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.25
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Maʾrib Dam”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/building/marib-dam/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-21.

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Related

The Flood of al-Arim (the Bursting of Maʾrib Dam)

The great breach of the Maʾrib dam around 450–451 CE which the Quran recalls as Sayl al-Arim; in the sira’s account it ruins Yemen’s settled life and sends the Qahtani tribes scattering across the peninsula.