عمومِ بلویٰ

عُمُوم البَلْوَى

General affliction is a situation or event that touches many people and cannot easily be avoided; some jurists call it general necessity ¹. On it the jurists built concessions, such as overlooking small impurities such as the blood of sores and the droppings of birds, the purity of a leather sock or shoe cleaned by rubbing, the contract for manufacture (istis'a) and the hire of a water channel ^{2 3}. In legal theory, the usulis disagreed on a single report in matters of general affliction; most accept it when the chain is sound, while the Hanafis refuse a report that contradicts what general affliction would make widely known ^{3 4}. They also differ on the statement of a companion in such matters ⁵.