فتح هيت وحصون الفرات

تقریباً 640 عیسوی · تقریباً 20 ھ

In al-Baladhuri through Abu Ayyub the Raqqa tutor from Ali ibn Abdullah al-Qarqisani from his shaykhs: Umayr ibn Sa'd, after taking Ra's al-Ayn, worked the Khabur and its reaches until he came to Qarqisiya — whose people had broken faith — re-compounding with them on their first treaty, then took the Euphrates forts one by one on Qarqisiya's terms with little fighting, some throwing stones; finishing with Talbus and Anat he reached al-Na'usa, al-Lusa and Hit, where he found that Ammar ibn Yasir — then Umar's governor of Kufa — had sent an army raiding above al-Anbar under Sa'd ibn Amr ibn Haram al-Ansari, and the people of these forts had come to him seeking aman, which he granted, reserving half of Hit's church — whereupon Umayr returned to al-Raqqa; some scholars say the one who went against Hit and the forts beyond from Kufa was Midlaj ibn Amr al-Sulami, a confederate of Banu Abd Shams and a man of companionship, who took it and built al-Haditha on the Euphrates, his descendants at Hit including a man known as Abu Harun still remembered there — or, it is said, Midlaj acted under Sa'd ibn Amr ibn Haram; God knows best.

خلاصہ

بلاذری کے مطابق عمیر بن سعد نے رأس العین فتح کرنے کے بعد خابور کا راستہ اختیار کیا یہاں تک کہ قرقیسیا پہنچے۔ وہاں کے لوگوں نے عہد توڑ دیا تھا، تو انہوں نے ان سے پہلی صلح جیسی صلح کی۔ پھر فرات کے قلعے ایک ایک کر کے انہی شرطوں پر فتح کیے، اور ان میں سے کسی میں زیادہ لڑائی نہیں ہوئی۔ ¹

ہیت اور قلعے

جب عمیر ہیت پہنچے تو معلوم ہوا کہ عمار بن یاسر، جو عمر کی طرف سے کوفہ کے عامل تھے، ایک لشکر سعد بن عمرو بن حرام کی قیادت میں بھیج چکے ہیں۔ ان قلعوں کے لوگوں نے امان مانگی تھی تو اس نے انہیں امان دی، اور اہلِ ہیت پر ان کے گرجے کا نصف حصہ مستثنیٰ رکھا۔ پھر عمیر رقہ کی طرف لوٹ گئے۔ ¹

ایک اور روایت

بلاذری بعض اہلِ علم سے نقل کرتے ہیں کہ کوفہ سے ہیت اور اس کے آگے کی طرف جانے والے مذلاج بن عمرو السلمی تھے، اور انہوں نے فرات پر حدیثہ آباد کیا۔ بلاذری خبر کے آخر میں کہتے ہیں: «واللہ اعلم»۔ ¹

تاریخ تقریبی اور اخذ شدہ ہے، رأس العین کی فتح کے بعد تقریباً سنہ 20 ہجری۔

فتح رأس العين

In al-Baladhuri through al-Hajjaj ibn Abi Mani' from his grandfather: Ra's al-Ayn — that is Ayn al-Warda — resisted Iyad ibn Ghanm and Umayr ibn Sa'd took it while Umar's governor over the Jazira, after its people fought the Muslims bitterly; the Muslims entered it by force then compounded with them, the land assigned them and jizya laid on their heads at four dinars each without captives of women or children; in al-Waqidi's report Umar wrote to Iyad ordering him to send Umayr against Ayn al-Warda — the advance guard took peasants and enemy herds, the citizens shut the gates and set up mangonels, Muslims were killed by stones and arrows, and a patrician mocked them 'we are not like those you have met' — then it fell afterwards by treaty; elders of the city recount that when Umayr entered he called 'no harm, no harm — to me, to me', and that was their aman; Haytham ibn Adi claimed Umar sent Abu Musa al-Ash'ari who took it with the Jazira's army after Iyad's death, but the sound report is Umayr took it by force without enslavement, laying kharaj and jizya — none but Haytham says otherwise; a body of Ra's al-Ayn's people departed and the Muslims worked their fields, sowing them by land-grants.

فتح هيت وحصون الفرات

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وقت میں

خلاصہ

ہیت اور قلعے

ایک اور روایت

تعلقات

وہ لوگ اور چیزیں جن پر مزید بات ہوئی

ماخذ

زمانہ

فتح رأس العين