Abu Jahl — his real name was Amr ibn Hisham — was a Meccan chief and the harshest opponent of the Prophet ﷺ in Mecca. He harmed the first Muslims and led Mecca's war against them until he fell at Badr in 624 CE. 'Abu Jahl' is the name the Muslims gave him, in place of 'Abu al-Hakam', which his own people used.
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Abu Jahl (Amr ibn Hisham)
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Amr ibn Hisham ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzumi — known in Muslim sources as Abu Jahl though his people called him Abu al-Hakam — was a chief of Banu Makhzum and the strongest face of opposition to Islam in Mecca. The sira shows him leading the campaign of harm against the Muslims: mocking the Prophet ﷺ, pressuring the weak clients of the clans, and the insult that led to Hamza's conversion. Historians credit him with pushing Quraysh to march out to protect Abu Sufyan's caravan and then to fight at Badr, where he fell in 2 AH (624 CE) at the hands of Mu'adh ibn Amr and Mu'awwidh ibn Afra — with a further account of Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud striking his head. Historians read his life as the fiercest side of Meccan opposition to the early call.
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